Middle Eastern Journal of Disability Studies

fa اثربخشی درمان شناختی رفتاری (CBT) بر جرأت‌مندی و خودانتقادگری زنان خانه‌دار The Effectiveness of Cognitive Behavioral Therapy (CBT) on self-reliance and self- criticism housewives روانشناسی Psychology مقاله پژوهشی اصیل Original Research Article هدف: زنان خانهدار، بااینکه برای رفاه اعضای خانواده ضروری هستند اما از نظر اجتماعی مورد بیتوجهی قرار میگیرند که میتواند منجر به بروز مشکلات روحی در آنها شود. هدف پژوهش، تعیین اثربخشی درمان شناختی رفتاری CBT بر جرأتمندی و خودانتقادگری زنان خانهدار منطقه 2 شهر تهران بود.   روش بررسی: از روش آزمایشی و طرح پیش آزمون- پس آزمون با گروه گواه استفاده شد. جامعه آماری شامل تمامی زنان خانهداری بود که در پاییز 1397 به سراهای محله شهرک غرب و صادقیه تهران مراجعه کرده بودند. بااستفاده از روش نمونهگیری هدفمند 50 نفر انتخاب و بهصورت تصادفی در دو گروه 25 نفره آزمایش و گواه قرار گرفتند. به منظور جمعآوری دادهها، از مقیاسهای جرأتمندی گمبریل و ریکی (1975) و خودانتقادگری گیلبرت و همکاران (2004) استفاده شد. 8 جلسه درمان شناختی-رفتاری برای گروه آزمایش برگزار و گروه گواه هیچ درمانی دریافت ننمود. جهت تحلیل دادهها از نرمافزار 21 -Spss و آزمون تحلیل کوواریانس چندمتغیره استفاده شد و سطح معنیداری 05/0 در نظر گرفنه شد. یافته‌ها: نتایج نشان داد که بین دو گروه آزمایش و گواه در جرأتمندی و خودانتقادگری تفاوت معناداری بود. همچنین میانگین و انحراف معیار جرأتمندی قبل و بعد از مداخله به ترتیب 66/4±66/62 و 69/5±08/58؛ خودانتقادگری13/3 ± 92/39 و 81/2 ± 64/31 بود. همچنین مجذور اتا نمرات جرأتمندی 79/0 (001/0 p =) و مجذور اتا نمرات خودانتقادگری 56/0 (001/0p =) به دست آمد.    نتیجه‌گیری: بر اساس یافتههای این پژوهش میتوان نتیجه گرفت که مداخله شناختی- رفتاری جهت افزایش جرأتمندی و کاهش خودانتقادگری زنان خانهدار منطقه 2 شهر تهران اثربخش بوده است. <div dir="rtl"></div>Objective: Housewives are the backbone of the community, and chronic stress associated with traditional women's roles leads to the spread of depression and Mental health endangers them. housewives, although they are necessary for the well-being and survival of other family members, are socially undervalued and neglected, which can lead to mental illness and reduce their self-reliance and increasing the self- criticism. Finally, it should be noted that, despite the many debates about housewives and their hard work at home, which led to much debate in the 1970s and 1980s, it did not end up much, and has been re-emerging in recent years, But little research has been done in this regard, As a result, consideration is given to the implications of home-grown women's health and the assessment of mental disorders, and extensive research is needed to address the issue of reducing or preventing health problems and helping to improve the mental status of housewives. So The aim of this study was to determine the effectiveness of cognitive-behavioral CBT therapy on self-reliance and self- criticism on housewives in district 2 of Tehran. Methods and Materials: Experimental method and pretest posttest with control group were used. the statistical population of this study was all female housewives in district 2 of Tehran. Using purposeful sampling method, 50 people were selected and randomly divided into two groups of 25 subjects. The research tool was Gambrill& Richey (1975) and Gilbert et al. (2004) scales. The self-reliance scale was designed by Gambril and Rigy in 1975 and revised in 2002. There are 22 questions based on the Likert spectrum. Cronbach's alpha coefficient was 0.81. In Iran, the Cronbach's alpha coefficient was 0.88. The self- criticism was designed by Gilbert, Clarke, Hempel & Miles Scale in 2004. It has 22 questions and three components. its based on the Likert spectrum. The reliability coefficient of this scale was 0.90. In Iran, the coefficient of credit was 0.83. Questionnaires were collected from participants in both experimental and control groups. Then, there were 8 sessions of cognitive-behavioral therapy for the experimental group and the control group received no treatment. Data analysis was performed using SPSS-21 software and multivariate analysis of covariance analysis. Findings: The results showed that there was a significant difference between experimental and control groups in self-reliance and self-criticism. The mean and standard deviation of self-reliance before and after intervention was 62.66±4.66 and 58.08±5.69, self- criticism 39.92 ± 3.13 and 31.64±2.81 respectively. Also, the effect size of self-reliance scores was 0.79 (p=0.001) and self-criticism was 0.56 (p=0.001). Actually Mean scores of both experimental and control groups in post-test, all of the variables of the present study after the elimination of the effect of pre-test were significantly different (P <0.01). In other words, the mean post-test scores of the experimental group were significantly lower than the control group for the self-reliance and self- criticism variables. Therefore, it can be concluded that cognitive-behavioral therapy significantly increases the level of self-reliance and reduced the level of self- criticism in the post-test phase. ETA Coefficient shows that approximately 79% of self-reliance and 56% change in self- criticism variable and 48% change in Self-incompetent variable and 15% change in Self‐criticizing and 39% change in self‐reassuring variable Post-test was affected by cognitive-behavioral therapy. The statistical power of all variables has changed from 0.81 to 1.00, which indicates the adequacy of the sample size. Therefore the results showed that there was no significant difference between the two groups in terms of self-reliance & self- criticism before CBT therapy (P> 0.05). But after the intervention, the mean scores of the above variables in the experimental group were significantly increased and there was a significant difference between the two groups (P <0.05). Conclusions: Based on the findings of this study we can conclude that cognitive behavioral Therapy has been effective in increasing self-reliance and reducing self-criticism of housewives in District 2 of Tehran. جرأتمندی, خود انتقادگری, درمان شناختی- رفتاری. self-reliance, self-criticism, cognitive-behavioral therapy. 0 0 http://jdisabilstud.org/browse.php?a_code=A-10-1589-1&slc_lang=fa&sid=1 Masoud karimlo مسعود کریملو Mkarimlo@yahoo.com 100319475328460030575 100319475328460030575 Yes Islamic Azad University of Medical Sciences, Tehran, Iran دانشگاه علوم پزشکی آزاد اسلامی تهران Mojgan siroosian مژگان سیروسیان siroosianmo@gmail.com 100319475328460030576 100319475328460030576 No Islamic Azad University of Medical Sciences, Tehran, Iran دانشگاه علوم پزشکی آزاد اسلامی تهران Marzieh mousavi مرضیه موسوی marziehmousavi89@gmail.com 100319475328460030577 100319475328460030577 No Islamic Azad University of Medical Sciences, Tehran, Iran دانشگاه علوم پزشکی آزاد اسلامی تهران