The Effectiveness of Transcranial Direct Current Stimulation on Emotion Regulation of Patients with Premenstrual Dysphoric Disorder

Fazeli , Zahra; Saeidmanesh , Mohsen; Nasehi , Mohammad

Volume 14 - Articles-1403 MEJDS (2024) 14: 89 | Back to browse issues page

Mendeley

Zotero

RefWorks

Fazeli Z, Saeidmanesh M, Nasehi M. The Effectiveness of Transcranial Direct Current Stimulation on Emotion Regulation of Patients with Premenstrual Dysphoric Disorder. MEJDS 2024; 14 :89-89
URL: http://jdisabilstud.org/article-1-3142-en.html

The Effectiveness of Transcranial Direct Current Stimulation on Emotion Regulation of Patients with Premenstrual Dysphoric Disorder

Zahra Fazeli¹

, Mohsen Saeidmanesh ^*²

, Mohammad Nasehi³

1- MSc in Clinical Psychology, Islamic Azad University, Medical Sciences Unit, Tehran, Iran
2- Associate Professor, Science and Arts University, Yazd, Iran
3- Associate Professor, Azad University of Medical Sciences, Tehran, Iran

Abstract: (755 Views)

Abstract
Background & Objectives: Premenstrual dysphoric disorder (PMDD) is defined as a set of recurrent physical, cognitive, emotional, and behavioral symptoms affecting women, which occur cyclically during the luteal phase of the menstrual cycle or within a few days after the onset of menstruation. Women with premenstrual boredom syndrome endure many psychological problems. Emotion regulation, such as anger and arousal, plays a very crucial role in the treatment of other psychological issues of this syndrome. So far, many pharmaceutical and non–pharmacological treatments have been used for PMDD. Transcranial Direct Current Stimulation (tDCS) of the brain is a non–invasive technique. There is very little research on the effect of tDCS on emotion regulation. Also, no study has investigated the impact of tDCS on PMDD and its psychological symptoms. Therefore, this study aimed to determine the effectiveness of tDCS on the brain in regulating the emotions of patients with PMDD.
Methods: This quasi–experimental study employed a pretest–posttest design with a control group. Among the women suffering from PMDD in Yazd City, Iran, 30 eligible volunteers in the age range of 30 to 40 years entered the study in a simple random manner. Fifteen were randomly assigned to the intervention group and 15 to the control group. The inclusion criteria were as follows: having PMDD confirmed by a gynecologist and obstetrician, the age range of 30 to 40 years, and not using other treatment methods such as drug therapy and psychotherapy. The exclusion criteria included absence from one session of tDCS and not completing the questionnaire during the study. The Difficulties in Emotion Regulation Scale (DERS) (Gratz & Romer, 2004) compared emotion regulation variable scores at two time points, before and after tDCS. Data analysis was done using covariance analysis. The significance level of the tests was 0.05.
Results: Data analysis showed that the score of the emotion regulation test in women with PMDD in the intervention group and after receiving the treatment decreased significantly compared to the control group (p<0.001). Based on the effect size results, 58% of the difference between the intervention and control groups was due to the implementation of tDCS.
Conclusion: According to the results, tDCS can be used as a complementary therapy to improve emotion regulation in women with PMDD.

Keywords: Transcranial direct current stimulation, Emotion regulation, Premenstrual dysphoric disorder

Full-Text [PDF 214 kb] (265 Downloads)

Type of Study: Original Research Article | Subject: Rehabilitation

References

1. Hantsoo L, Sajid H, Murphy L, Buchert B, Barone J, Raja S, et al. Patient experiences of health care providers in premenstrual dysphoric disorder: examining the role of provider specialty. J Womens Health (Larchmt). 2022;31(1):100–9. [DOI]

2. Eshetu N, Abebe H, Fikadu E, Getaye S, Jemal S, Geze S, et al. Premenstrual syndrome, coping mechanisms and associated factors among Wolkite university female regular students, Ethiopia, 2021. BMC Womens Health. 2022;22(1):88. [DOI]

3. Slyepchenko A, Minuzzi L, Frey BN. Comorbid premenstrual dysphoric disorder and bipolar disorder: a review. Front Psychiatry. 2021;12:719241. [DOI]

4. Paley B, Hajal NJ. Conceptualizing emotion regulation and coregulation as family-level phenomena. Clin Child Fam Psychol Rev. 2022;25(1):19–43. [DOI]

5. van Kleef RS, Marsman JBC, van Valen E, Bockting CLH, Aleman A, van Tol MJ. Neural basis of positive and negative emotion regulation in remitted depression. Neuroimage Clin. 2022;34:102988. [DOI]

6. Wu M, Liang Y, Wang Q, Zhao Y, Zhou R. Emotion Dysregulation of Women with Premenstrual Syndrome. Sci Rep. 2016;6:38501. [DOI]

7. Wu M, Zhou R, Huang Y. Effects of menstrual cycle and neuroticism on females’ emotion regulation. Int J Psychophysiol. 2014;94(3):351–7. [DOI]

8. Boudewyn MA, Scangos K, Ranganath C, Carter CS. Using prefrontal transcranial direct current stimulation (tDCS) to enhance proactive cognitive control in schizophrenia. Neuropsychopharmacology. 2020;45(11):1877–83. [DOI]

9. Feeser M, Prehn K, Kazzer P, Mungee A, Bajbouj M. Transcranial direct current stimulation enhances cognitive control during emotion regulation. Brain Stimul. 2014;7(1):105–12. [DOI]

10. Vanderhasselt MA, Sanchez-Lopez A, Pulopulos M, Razza LB, De Smet S, Brunoni AR, et al. Prefrontal transcranial direct current stimulation over the right prefrontal cortex reduces proactive and reactive control performance towards emotional material in healthy individuals. Int J Clin Health Psychol. 2023;23(4):100384. [DOI]

11. van Dam WO, Chrysikou EG. Effects of unilateral tDCS over left prefrontal cortex on emotion regulation in depression: Evidence from concurrent functional magnetic resonance imaging. Cogn Affect Behav Neurosci. 2021;21(1):14–34. [DOI]

12. Gratz KL, Roemer L. Multidimensional assessment of emotion regulation and dysregulation: Development, factor structure, and initial validation of the Difficulties in Emotion Regulation Scale. Journal of Psychopathology and Behavioral Assessment. 2004;26(1):41–54. [DOI]

13. Khanzadeh M, Saeediyan M, Hosseinchari M, Edrissi F. Factor structure and psychometric properties of Difficulties in Emotional Regulation Scale. International Journal of Behavioral Sciences. 2012;6(1):87–96. [Persian] [Article]

14. DaSilva AF, Volz MS, Bikson M, Fregni F. Electrode positioning and montage in transcranial direct current stimulation. J Vis Exp. 2011;(51):2744. [DOI]

15. Gingnell M, Morell A, Bannbers E, Wikström J, Sundström Poromaa I. Menstrual cycle effects on amygdala reactivity to emotional stimulation in premenstrual dysphoric disorder. Horm Behav. 2012;62(4):400–6. [DOI]

16. Raschle NM, Fehlbaum LV, Menks WM, Martinelli A, Prätzlich M, Bernhard A, et al. Atypical dorsolateral prefrontal activity in female adolescents with conduct disorder during effortful emotion regulation. Biol Psychiatry Cogn Neurosci Neuroimaging. 2019;4(11):984–94. [DOI]

17. Pacheco–Barrios K, Cardenas-Rojas A, Thibaut A, Costa B, Ferreira I, Caumo W, et al. Methods and strategies of tDCS for the treatment of pain: current status and future directions. Expert Rev Med Devices. 2020;17(9):879–98. [DOI]

18. Kohn N, Eickhoff SB, Scheller M, Laird AR, Fox PT, Habel U. Neural network of cognitive emotion regulation–an ALE meta–analysis and MACM analysis. Neuroimage. 2014;87:345–55. [DOI]

19. Allaert J, Sanchez–Lopez A, De Raedt R, Baeken C, Vanderhasselt MA. Inverse effects of tDCS over the left versus right DLPC on emotional processing: a pupillometry study. PLoS One. 2019;14(6):e0218327. [DOI]

20. Liebetanz D, Nitsche MA, Tergau F, Paulus W. Pharmacological approach to the mechanisms of transcranial DC–stimulation–induced after–effects of human motor cortex excitability. Brain. 2002;125(Pt 10):2238–47. [DOI]

21. Nitsche MA, Fricke K, Henschke U, Schlitterlau A, Liebetanz D, Lang N, et al. Pharmacological modulation of cortical excitability shifts induced by transcranial direct current stimulation in humans. J Physiol. 2003;553(Pt 1):293–301. [DOI]